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- This PA requests applications for exploratory/developmental projects intended to discover potential targets for therapeutic intervention, to identify candidate therapeutics, to develop assays, animal models, devices, or technologies for screening or developing therapeutics, or to obtain preliminary data on the efficacy of candidate therapeutics. - Only Aims required for therapy development can be supported in this program. No basic/mechanistic Aims may be included in the research plan. - There is no specific limit on the total funds that will be awarded under this PA or on the number of awards. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. - This funding opportunity will use the R21 award mechanism. The applicant may request a project period of up to two years with a combined budget for direct costs of up $275,000 for the two year period. - For-profit organizations, non-profit organizations, public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories, units of State government, units of local government, eligible agencies of the federal government, foreign institutions, domestic institutions, units of State or local Tribal governments, and faith-based or community-based organizations are eligible to apply. - Any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research is invited to work with their institution to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. - Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088

- This PA invites applications for a career development award to enable investigators to build a program of translational research in neurological disorders under the guidance of an experienced mentor. The training received through this program has two key elements. A research project is conducted under the guidance and supervision of the mentor, and a career development program is undertaken to provide broad training for the applicant in the pre-clinical development of therapeutics. - Only aims required for therapy development can be supported in this program. No basic/mechanistic aims may be included in the research plan. - There is no specific limit on the total funds that will be awarded under this PA or on the number of awards. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. - This funding opportunity will use the K01 Research Scientist Development Award and the K08 Clinical Investigator Award mechanisms. The K01 and K08 awards provide three to five years of salary and research support. NINDS will provide salary of up to $85,000 plus fringe benefits for the career award recipient, and up to $50,000 in research development support. - Applications may be submitted on behalf of the candidate (principal investigator) by any domestic for-profit organization or non-profit organization, public or private institutions such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories, units State and local Tribal governments, and faith-based or community-based organizations. Foreign institutions/organizations are not eligible to apply. To be eligible for a NINDS K01 award an applicant must have a Ph.D. or equivalent research-intensive degree, and have demonstrated the potential for a highly productive independent research career. To be eligible for a K08 award an applicant must have a clinical doctoral degree or equivalent, or a Ph.D. in a clinical discipline. Applicants will spend a minimum of 75 percent of full-time professional effort conducting research and research career development during the entire award period. A 50 percent effort on a K08 award is acceptable for neurosurgeons, who must maintain surgical skills. Current or past principal investigators on NINDS/NIH research grants other than R03 or R21 awards are not eligible for this award. - Awards in response to this program announcement will be for a total project period of three, four or five years and are not renewable. Planning, direction, and execution of the proposed career development program and research project will be the responsibility of the applicant and his/her mentor(s). Grants are not transferable from one principal investigator to another. - The candidate for this K award may not concurrently apply for nor have an award pending for another NIH career development award. Up to two revisions of an application will be accepted. - Any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research is invited to work with their institution to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. - Applicants must be U.S. citizens or non-citizen nationals, or must have been lawfully admitted for permanent residence by the time of award. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088

- This RFA is an initiative of the NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research (http://neuroscienceblueprint.nih.gov), a coordinated effort of 15 NIH Institutes and Centers to accelerate progress in neuroscience by supporting research and development of enabling tools and resources. This RFA will be administered by the NIBIB on behalf of the Neuroscience Blueprint. - This initiative is intended to support research leading to new ways for high resolution imaging of the neural activity that is reflected in electrophysiological signals. - The participating Institutes and Centers have committed approximately $1 million to support direct costs under this RFA in Fiscal Year 2006. NIMH intends to provide up to an additional $500,000 to support direct costs of grants that focus on non-invasive optical approaches for detecting fast signals. The total amount awarded, however, will depend upon the number, merit, and cost of the applications received, and funds available. - It is anticipated that 5 to 7 new awards will be made in FY2006. - This RFA will use the individual Research Project Grant (R01) and the Exploratory/Developmental Research Grant (R21) grant mechanisms. - Eligible organizations include domestic, foreign, non-profit, for-profit, private and public institutions. - Eligible principal investigators include, but are not limited to, researchers with experience and qualifications in neuroscience, biology, biophysics, physics, engineering, etc. Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Applications must be prepared using the PHS 398 research grant application instructions and forms. The PHS 398 application instructions are available at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/phs398.html. Additional instructions for R21 applications can be found at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-03-107.html. For further assistance contact GrantsInfo, Telephone (301) 435-0714, Email: GrantsInfo@nih.gov. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088

This is a Request for Applications (RFA) for Pathobiology Sites to support years 6-10 of the Animal Models of Diabetic Complications Consortium (AMDCC). The AMDCC was established in 2001 to generate and phenotype new models of diabetic complications. Information about the current AMDCC can be found at http://www.amdcc.org/. AMDCC Pathobiology Sites will (1) propose new mouse models to be developed by the Consortium that will faithfully replicate one or more diabetic complications, and (2) discover and characterize the basic pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying disease in these and other models of complications. Pathobiology Sites funded by this RFA will work together as a Consortium with a Mouse Generation and Husbandry Core (MGHC) and Coordinating and Bioinformatics Unit (CBU; http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-DK-05-012.html), with substantial involvement from NIH staff. Applications for the MGHC and CBU will be solicited separately. In response to this RFA the participating Institutes anticipate awarding up to 14 Pathobiology Sites covering all major complications of diabetes. The total amount to be awarded is $5.25 million for each of 5 years. Individual Pathobiology Site awards may not exceed 250K direct costs per year during the project period. This RFA will use the U01 Cooperative Agreement mechanism. The AMDCC will work closely with the Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Centers (MMPCs). The MMPCs (http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-DK-05-008.html) conduct detailed metabolic phenotyping of genetically altered mice and other mouse models that are useful for understanding diabetes and its complications, obesity, and related metabolic diseases or conditions. Mice generated under the auspices of the AMDCC will be shipped to MMPC facilities to be phenotyped using a standardized battery of tests as directed by the AMDCC Executive Steering Committee (ESC). Phenotyping proposed by the Pathobiology Sites should not overlap with existing MMPC services. Information about the current MMPCs, including a catalog of services, guidelines and policies, can be found at http://www.mmpc.org/. For-profit and non-profit organizations are eligible, including public or private institutions, units of state and local governments, eligible agencies of the federal government, domestic or foreign institutions/organizations. Any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to execute the functions proposed for an AMDCC Pathobiology Site is invited to work with their institution to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. See Section IV.1 for application materials. Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at TTY 301-451-0088.

The NIA, NIAAA, NIDCD, NIDA, NIEHS, NIMH, NINDS, and the ODS are interested in supporting individual predoctoral fellowships for combined MD/PhD training in research areas relevant to the mission of the participating Institutes. - The amount of the award will be determined by the Ruth L. Kirschstein-National Research Service Award (Kirschstein-NRSA) predoctoral award guidelines. The number of awards will depend upon the quality of the applications received, available funds, and each Institute's programmatic priorities. - This PA uses the Individual Kirschstein-NRSA F30 award mechanism. - Eligible organizations include domestic institutions/organizations; for-profit or non-profit organizations; public or private institutions such as universities, colleges, hospital, and laboratories; and eligible agencies of the Federal government including NIH intramural laboratories. - Candidates for the Kirschstein-NRSA F30 award must be citizens or non-citizen nationals of the United States, or must have been lawfully admitted to the United States for Permanent Residence. Non-citizen nationals are generally persons born in outlying possessions of the United States, i.e. American Samoa and Swains Island. Individuals on temporary or student visas are not eligible. Individuals may apply for the F30 in advance of admission to the United States as a Permanent Resident recognizing that no award will be made until legal verification of Permanent Resident status is provided. - An individual may not have two or more competing NIH fellowship applications pending review concurrently. In addition, the NIH will not accept for review any application that is essentially the same as one already reviewed. This does not preclude the submission of a substantial revision of an application already reviewed, but such application must include an Introduction addressing the previous critique. - The Kirschstein-NRSA individual fellowship application (PHS 416-1, rev. 06/2002) is available at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/forms.htm. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088.

- The purpose of the Collaborative Neurological Sciences (CNS) Award is to encourage collaborative research investigations among scientists at minority institutions and grantees from leading research laboratories that have NIH or equivalent grant support to conduct neuroscience research. - The CNS award will support an investigator-initiated research project in which the applicant and collaborating neuroscientist(s) work in a clearly defined area of mutual research interest. - Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. - This PA will use the Minority Biomedical Research Support Thematic Project Grant (S11) funding mechanism. - Eligible organizations include for-profit or non-profit organizations and public or private academic institutions such as universities and colleges that offer the Ph.D., M.D., and/or equivalent health professional degrees, at which more that 50 percent of the students enrolled are individuals from racial and ethnic groups that have been shown by the National Science Foundation to be underrepresented in health-related sciences on a national basis (see http://www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/women/start.htm). - Eligible principal investigators include any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research. The applicant principle investigator must be a new investigator who holds a doctoral degree in a basic or clinical neuroscience area, has completed two or more years of formal postdoctoral neuroscience research, and who holds an appointment equivalent to assistant professor at the applicant institution. The collaborating investigator must be a grantee from a research-intensive institution that has current NIH or equivalent support to conduct neuroscience research (e.g., R01, P01). - Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088

- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke (NINDS), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) and the National Institute of Dental and Cranofacial Research (NIDCR) invites applications for research projects to improve uptake, stability, processing, and delivery of RNAi specific to target tissues and specific cell types. - The participating Institutes intend to commit approximately $5,600,000 in FY 2006 to fund 13 to 17 new grants in response to this RFA . - This RFA will use the NIH investigator-initiated Research Project Grant (R01) and the Exploratory/Development Research Grant (R21) award mechanisms. - Eligible organizations include: For-profit or non-profit organizations, public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories, units of state and local governments, eligible agencies of the federal government, domestic institutions/organizations. Foreign institutions are not eligible to apply. - Eligible principal investigators include any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. - Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088

- The National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney diseases (NIDDK), National Eye Institute (NEI), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and National Institute of Child Health and Human development (NICHD) invite the small business community to apply cutting edge technology to investigate the development of new approaches to predict, prevent, treat, and cure type 1 Diabetes (T1D) and its complications. - The total funds available will be approximately $4,000,000 in FY2006. - The participating institutes intend to fund 6-10 Phase I, Phase II or Fast Track SBIR projects and 2 Phase I, Phase II or Fast Track STTR projects. - Eligibility requirements are described in the SBIR/STTR Omnibus Solicitation (see http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/sbirsttr1/index.pdf). Only small business concerns are eligible to submit SBIR/STTR applications. A small business concern is one that, on the date of award for both Phase I and Phase II agreements, meets all the criteria as described in the current SBIR/STTR Omnibus Solicitation. - Any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research is invited to work with his/her institution to develop an application for support. Individuals for underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. On an SBIR application, the principal investigator (PI) must have his/her primary employment (more than 50%) with the small business at the time of award and for the duration of the project. The PI on an STTR application may be employed with the small business concern or the participating non-profit research institution as long as he/she has a formal appointment with or commitment to the applicant small business concern, which is characterized by an official relationship between the small business concern and that individual. - Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088

- The goals of NIH-supported career development programs are to help ensure that a diverse pool of highly trained scientists are available in adequate numbers and in appropriate research areas to address the Nation's biomedical, behavioral, and clinical research needs. - The purpose of the Mentored Patient-Oriented Research (POR) Career Development Award (K23) is to support the career development of investigators who have made a commitment to focus their research endeavors on patient-oriented research.This mechanism provides support for three to five years of supervised study and research for clinically trained professionals who have the potential to develop into productive, clinical investigators focusing on patient-oriented research.Applicants must justify the need for a period of mentored research experience and provide a convincing case that the proposed period of support and career development plan will substantially enhance their careers as independent investigators in patient-oriented research. Clinically trained professionals or individuals with a clinical degree who are interested in further career development in biomedical research that is not patient-oriented should refer to the Mentored Clinical Scientist Career Development (K08) Award (see http://grants.nih.gov/training/careerdevelopmentawards.htm on the NIH web site for details). - The K23 application may be submitted on behalf of the candidate (principal investigator) by any domestic for-profit or non-profit institution/organization, or public or private institution, such as universities, colleges, hospitals and laboratories. Foreign institutions are not eligible to apply. - Candidates must be U.S. citizens or non-citizen nationals, or individuals lawfully admitted for permanent residence, who hold a health-professional doctoral degree or its equivalentand can commit a minimum of 75% of full-time professional effort conducting patient-oriented research and relevant career development activities.Receipt of prior support may impact eligibility. - Awards in response to this program announcement will be for a total project period of three, four or five years and are not renewable. Planning, direction, and execution of the proposed career development program and research project will be the responsibility of the applicant and his/her mentor(s). Grants are not transferable from one principal investigator to another. - The amount funded as salary for a career development award is not uniform for the participating ICs; therefore, the applicant is strongly advised to contact the relevant IC for any distinct guidelines, requirements, and allowable funds (see Section VII). - The total amount to be awarded and the number of anticipated awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received as determined by the peer review process, available funds, and program priorities. - The candidate must possess a research or health professional doctoral degree (or its equivalent) suitable for a productive POR career. - The candidate for this K award may not concurrently apply for nor have an award pending for another NIH career development award. Up to two revisions of an application will be accepted. - Applications must be submitted on or before the receipt dates described at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/submissionschedule.htm. - Special Note:The participating NIH Institutes and Centers (ICs) may have distinctive guidelines, requirements, and funding amounts for this announcement in order to accommodate the career needs of researchers working in fields related to their specific research missions. Candidates are therefore strongly encouraged to contact the staff person in the relevant Institute or Center listed under Section VII prior to preparing an application to discuss issues of eligibility and review the specific provisions of this award - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired: TTY 301-451-0088.

The goal of this Request for Applications (RFA) from the Office of Research on Women's Health (ORWH) and cosponsoring Institutes and Offices (IC) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is to solicit applications that support research on the neuroimmune mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) and spectrum disorders in diverse groups and across the life span. Applications are encouraged from individuals who are part of multidisciplinary teams of scientists studying different aspects of CFS and its spectrum disorders. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome may be linked to dysregulation of at least two physiologic systems important for the maintenance of homeostasis: the central nervous system (CNS) (including the autonomic sympathetic system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis [HPA] ) and the immune system. Several mediators may contribute to dysregulation, including activated immune cells, hormones, neurotransmitters, and others. Stress affects the activities of many of these mediators. Physiologic functions altered by stress and the ability to respond to stress likely play a role in the clinical manifestations of CFS. A variety of internal and external stressors lead to altered signaling in the central nervous and the immune systems. Whereas these changes are likely to contribute to or trigger disease symptomotology, they may obscure the original stressor initiating the event.