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-This FOA will use the Research Project R01 grant mechanism and runs in parallel with FOAs of identical scientific scope for Small Research Grants R03 (PA-06-367) and Exploratory/Developmental Grants R21 (PA-06-368) mechanisms to align proposed studies with i) investigator experience and ii) the state of knowledge in fields of interest. -Research Project applications must include hypotheses and preliminary data for proposed empirical research. Applicants are strongly encouraged to take into consideration issues that have relevance to specific missions of the NIH participating components. -Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications. -Eligible organizations: For-profit or non-profit organizations; public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories; units of State and local governments; eligible agencies of the Federal government; domestic or foreign institutions/organizations; faith-based or community-based organizations; and Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Federally Recognized); Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Other than Federally Recognized); and Indian/Native American Tribally Designated Organization. -Eligible Project Directors/Principal Investigators (PD/PIs) include any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research is invited to work with their institution/organization to develop an application for support. PD/PI from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support -Applicants may submit more than one application, provided each application is scientifically distinct. -See Section IV.1. for application materials. -Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088.

-The National Institutes of Health (NIH) invites research grant applications to investigate ethical issues in human subjects research. -Mechanisms: This FOA will utilize the Small Research Grant (R03) mechanism and runs in parallel with FOAs of identical scientific scope, PA-06-369 and PA-06-368 that solicit applications under the R01 and R21 grant mechanisms, respectively. -The R03 grant mechanism supports different types of projects including pilot and feasibility studies; secondary analysis of existing data; small, self-contained research projects; development of research methodology; and development of new research technology.http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/r03.htm -Budgets for direct costs of up to $50,000 per year and a project duration of up to two years may be requested for a maximum of $100,000 direct costs over a two-year project period. -Eligible organizations: For-profit organizations; non-profit organizations; public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories; units of State government; units of local government; eligible institutions of the Federal government; domestic institutions; foreign institutions; faith-based or community-based organizations; Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Federally Recognized); Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Other than Federally Recognized); and Indian/Native American Tribally Designated Organization. -Eligible Project Director/Principal Investigators (PD/PIs): Individuals with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research are invited to work with their institution to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support. -Applicants may submit more than one application, provided each application is scientifically distinct.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites applications under the NIH Clinical Trial Planning Grant Program, the purpose of which is to provide support for the development of a Phase III clinical trial. This includes the establishment of the research team, the development of tools for data management and oversight of the research, the definition of recruitment strategies, and the finalization of the protocol and other essential elements of the study included in a manual of operations/procedures. The Clinical Trial Planning Grant is not designed for the collection of preliminary data or the conduct of pilot studies to support the rationale for a clinical trial. -All investigator-initiated grant applications described in this FOA will be assigned to NIH Institutes and Centers (ICs) according to standard Public Health Service (PHS) referral guidelines and specific program interests. -This FOA will use the Clinical Trial Planning Grant (R34) mechanism. -Special Research Interests: Investigators are strongly encouraged to consult the list of participating ICs and special research interests. See http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/contacts/pa-06-363_contacts.htm See also the NIH R34 Web site at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/r34.htm. -Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. -Project Period and Award Levels: The total project period for an application submitted in response to this funding opportunity is one year. Direct costs of up to $100,000 may be requested for the one-year period -Renewal (formerly competing continuation or Type 2) applications are not permitted. -Eligible Organizations: For profit organizations; Non-profit organizations; Public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals and laboratories; Units of State government; Units of local government; Eligible agencies of the Federal government; Domestic institutions/organizations; Foreign institutions/organizations; Faith-based or community-based organizations; Indian/Native American Tribal government (Federally recognized); Indian/Native American Tribal government (other than Federally recognized); and Indian/Native American Tribally Designated Organization. -Eligible Project Directors/Principal Investigators (PDs/PIs): Any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research is invited to work with his/her institution to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support. -Applicants may submit more than one application, provided each application is scientifically distinct.

-This RFA invites applications to coordinate the mentoring and career development of rehabilitation researchers in one of the following domains: allied health professionals, clinicians involved in neurological rehabilitation, or engineers. The program will be responsible for identifying qualified candidates (scholars) and supporting them in appropriate research environments throughout the country. -The NICHD anticipates awarding this program a total of $1.5 million for the initial year and $3 million per year thereafter. The NINDS plans to provide an additional $100,000 funding only for projects that are considered programmatically important to their mission. -The NICHD anticipates making three awards, one in each of the research domains indicated above.-National career development programs will be funded through the K12 institutional career development award program mechanism. -Eligible organizations include for-profit and non-profit organizations; public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories; professional associations and foundations; and, consortia of any of the above. Foreign institutions are not eligible. -Eligible principal investigators include individuals with doctoral degrees in appropriate discipline and relevant experience in research, mentoring, and administration. -Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically and administratively distinct. -K12 awards are not transferable to another institution. -See Section IV.1 for application materials. -Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088.

-The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), and the Muscular Dystrophy Association (MDA) invite applications focused upon determination of the mechanisms of a subset of muscular dystrophies that may have their basis in nucleus structure-function defects. Applications are specifically solicited for studies of Emery-Dreifuss, facioscapulohumeral, limb girdle muscular dystrophy 1B, and oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophies. Applications for studies of other muscular dystrophies are not responsive to this RFA. The expected outcomes are improvements in understanding of the genetic, cell, and molecular mechanisms of these muscular dystrophies. Applicants who can bring knowledge and expertise in the biology of the nucleus to studies of disease mechanisms are particularly encouraged. -The NINDS and NIAMS intend to commit approximately $2 million in total costs in FY 2007 for this announcement and its companion RFA (RFA-NS-07-002) to support a combined total of 4-7 meritorious applications. An applicant may request a project period of up to 5 years and a budget for direct costs up to $250,000 per year. The MDA will support additional meritorious applications received and reviewed under this RFA, to the extent that funds are available within its current research budget. -This funding opportunity will use the NIH research grant (R01) award mechanism. -Eligible organizations include for-profit or non-profit organizations, public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories, units of State and local governments, eligible agencies of the Federal government, domestic institutions/organizations, Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Federally Recognized); Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Other than Federally Recognized); and Indian/Native American Tribally Designated Organization. Foreign institutions that offer unusual talent, resources, populations, or environmental conditions that are not readily available in the United States are eligible to apply. Eligible principal investigators include any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support. -Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. -See Section IV.1 for application materials. -Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088

- The goal of this funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is to encourage research that will improve the quality and scientific power of data collected in the behavioral and social sciences, relevant to the missions of the participating NIH Institutes and Centers.-The participating Institutes and Centers invite qualified researchers to submit research grant applications aimed at improving and developing methodology and measurement in the behavioral and social sciences through innovations in research design, data collection techniques, measurement, and data analysis techniques.-Research that addresses methodology and measurement issues in diverse populations, issues in studying sensitive behaviors, issues of ethics in research, issues related to confidential data and the protection of research subjects, and issues in developing interdisciplinary, multimethod, and multilevel approaches to behavioral and social science research is particularly encouraged, as are approaches that integrate behavioral and social science research with biological, physical, or computational science research or engineering.-This funding opportunity will utilize the R03 mechanism, but will be run in parallel with FOAs of identical scientific scope that will utilize the traditional research project grant (R01) or competitive supplements to R01, R37, U01 or P01 projects (PA 05-090) or which will utilize the exploratory/developmental (R21) grant mechanism (PA 06-343).-Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.-The R03 is intended to support small research projects that can be carried out in a short period of time with limited resources. The R03 is not renewable.-Budget and Project Period: Budgets for direct costs up to $50,000 per year and a project duration of up to two years may be requested for a maximum of $100,000 direct costs over a two-year project period.-Eligible organizations: For-profit and not-for-profit, public or private organizations, units of state and local governments, eligible agencies of the Federal Government, domestic or foreign institutions/organizations, faith-based or community-based organizations, Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Federally Recognized); Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Other than Federally Recognized); and Indian/Native American Tribally Designated Organization.-Eligible Project Directors/Principal Investigators (PDs/PIs): Individuals with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research are invited to work with their institution to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support.-Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct.

This funding announcement (FOA) solicits Exploratory/Developmental (R21) grant applications from applicant organizations that propose to identify the mechanisms of a subset of muscular dystrophies that may have their basis in nucleus structure-function defects. Applications are specifically solicited for studies of Emery-Dreifuss, facioscapulohumeral, limb girdle muscular dystrophy 1B, and oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophies. Applications for studies of other muscular dystrophies are not responsive to this RFA. The expected outcomes are improvements in understanding of the genetic, cell, and molecular mechanisms of these muscular dystrophies. Applicants who can bring knowledge and expertise in the biology of the nucleus to studies of disease mechanisms are particularly encouraged. -The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) intend to commit approximately $2 million in total costs in FY 2007 for this announcement and its companion RFA (RFA-NS-07-001) to support a combined total of 4-7 meritorious applications. The MDA will support additional meritorious applications received and reviewed under this RFA, to the extent that funds are available within its current research budget. -This funding opportunity will use the NIH research grant (R21) award mechanism. -The R21 is not renewable. -Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. -The total project period for an application submitted in response to this funding opportunity may not exceed two years. Direct costs are limited to $275,000 over an R21 two-year period, with no more than $200,000 in direct costs allowed in any single year. -Eligible organizations: For profit organizations; Non-profit organizations; Public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals and laboratories; Units of State government; Units of local government; Eligible institutions of the Federal government; Domestic institutions; Foreign institutions; Faith-based or community-based organizations; Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Federally Recognized); Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Other than Federally Recognized); and Indian/Native American Tribally Designated Organization. -Eligible Project Directors/Principal Investigators (PD/PIs): Any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research is invited to work with their institution to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support. -Applicants may submit more than one application, provided each application is scientifically distinct. -All investigator-initiated exploratory/developmental grant applications described in this announcement will be assigned to Institutes and Centers (ICs) according to standard Public Health Service (PHS) referral guidelines and specific program interests.

-The goal of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to encourage research that will improve the quality and scientific power of data collected in the behavioral and social sciences, relevant to the missions of the participating NIH Institutes and Centers. -The participating Institutes and Centers invite qualified researchers to submit research grant applications aimed at improving and developing methodology and measurement in the behavioral and social sciences through innovations in research design, data collection techniques, measurement, and data analysis techniques. -Research that addresses methodology and measurement issues in diverse populations, issues in studying sensitive behaviors, issues of ethics in research, issues related to confidential data and the protection of research subjects, and issues in developing interdisciplinary, multimethod, and multilevel approaches to behavioral and social science research is particularly encouraged, as are approaches that integrate behavioral and social science research with biological, physical, or computational science research or engineering. -This funding opportunity will utilize the R21 mechanism, but will be run in parallel with FOAs of identical scientific scope that will utilize the traditional research project grant (R01) or competitive supplements to R01, R37, U01 or P01 projects (PA 05-090) or which will utilize the R03 small grant mechanism (PA 06-344). -The R21 is not renewable. -Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. -Budget and Project Period: The total project period for an application submitted in response to this funding opportunity may not exceed 2 years. Direct costs are limited to $275,000 over an R21 2-year period, with no more than $200,000 in direct costs allowed in any single year. -Eligible organizations: For-profit and not-for-profit, public or private organizations, units of state and local governments, eligible agencies of the Federal Government, domestic or foreign institutions/organizations, faith-based or community-based organizations, Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Federally Recognized); Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Other than Federally Recognized); and Indian/Native American Tribally Designated Organization. -Eligible Project Directors/Principal Investigators (PDs/PIs): Any individuals from the applicant institutions who have the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support. -Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct.

- The research objective of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to encourage the submission of high quality studies of the basic science and mechanisms of action underlying the biomechanical, immunological, endocrinological and/or neurophysiological consequences of manual therapies, such as spinal manipulation, mobilization and massage therapy.-This FOA will use the R21 (Exploratory/Developmental Research Grant) award mechanism.-Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.-Competing renewal applications will not be accepted.-Project Period and Award Levels: The total project period for an application submitted in response to this funding opportunity may not exceed two years. Direct costs are limited to $275,000 over an R21 two-year period, with no more than $200,000 in direct costs allowed in any single year.-Eligible organizations: For profit organizations; Non-profit organizations; Public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals and laboratories; Units of State government; Units of local government; Eligible institutions of the Federal government; Domestic institutions; Foreign institutions; Faith-based or community-based organizations; Units of State Tribal government; and Units of Local Tribal government.-Eligible Project Directors/Principal Investigators (PD/PIs): Any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research is invited to work with their institution to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs.-Applicants may submit more than one application, provided each application is scientifically distinct.

In 1999, at the direction of Congress, the National Institute on Aging (NIA), in conjunction with the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), and the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) embarked on the Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Prevention Initiative. An important part of the AD Prevention Initiative is to quicken the pace for translating basic science findings into clinical trials to evaluate treatment and prevention strategies. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) focuses on AD drug discovery while companion FOAs are targeted to AD drug development and AD pilot clinical trials. In this FOA, participating institutes invite qualified researchers to submit research grant applications directed toward the discovery, development, and preclinical testing in cellular, tissue, and animal models of novel compounds for the prevention and treatment of the cognitive impairment and behavioral symptoms associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Applications submitted to the NIH will be assigned and reviewed according to the usual NIH peer review procedures. Meritorious applications will be funded by the assigned NIH Institutes or co-funded by the assigned NIH Institute and the Institute for the Study of Aging (ISOA). NIA has set-aside $3.0 Million total costs in FY 2006 for applications sent in response to this PA. -This FOA will use the NIH Exploratory/Developmental Grant (R21) award mechanism. -The R21 is intended to encourage exploratory and developmental research projects by providing support for the early and conceptual stages of these projects. -All investigator-initiated exploratory/developmental grant applications described in this announcement will be assigned to participating ICs according to standard PHS referral guidelines and specific program interests. -Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. -Project Period and Award Levels: The applicant may request a project period of up to two years with a combined budget for direct costs of up to $275,000 for the two-year period. -Eligible organizations: For-profit organizations; Non-profit organizations; Public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories; Eligible agencies of the Federal government; Units of State government; Units of local government; Domestic Institutions; and Foreign Institutions. -Eligible Project Directors/Principal Investigators (PD/PIs): Any individual with the skills, knowledge and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research, is invited to work with his/her institution to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support. -An R21 is not renewable.-Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct.