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The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to solicit studies that will advance the mechanistic understanding of small vessel vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) through the development of new technologies and innovative methods that enable the imaging and/or functional assessment of the small blood and lymphatic vessels and perivascular spaces of the brain.

This initiative is to support studies to better comprehend Immune-CNS interactions in people living with HIV on Anti-Retroviral therapy.

The purpose of this notice is to inform interested applicants of a change to the Key Dates for PAR-19-171 "Comparative Effectiveness Research in Clinical Neurosciences (UG3/UH3 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)".

This is one of two Funding Opportunity Announcements (FOAs) that together aim to facilitate teaching of fundamental principles of rigorous biomedical research by developing an online educational resource for use by a broad range of researchers in an array of learning environments. The purpose of this FOA is to support the establishment of a center for Creating an Educational Nexus for Training in Experimental Rigor (CENTER), which will build, evaluate, and disseminate a user-friendly, harmonized, and openly accessible educational resource to promote awareness, understanding, and utilization of the principles of rigorous biomedical research.

This FOA invites investigation of biological and clinical measures of TBI-related progressive neurodegeneration and neurocognitive decline associated with increased risk for dementia and /or traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES) (clinicopathologic diagnostic counterpart to the neuropathological diagnosis of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)). Investigations should be based on existing, well-characterized populations of patients with a history of TBI that are enriched for increased risk of cognitive impairment or dementia and can continue to be followed longitudinally; additional subjects may be recruited as appropriate. The overall goal is to advance knowledge of the underlying pathophysiology and clinical characterization of the chronic effects of TBI that distinguish static-chronic TBI cognitive impairment from those that lead to progressive neurodegeneration associated with TES and dementia. A critical feature of this FOA includes the broad sharing of clinical, neuroimaging, physiological, and biospecimen data and to create a data and associated biofluid resource for the broader community to further advance research in this area.

Recent findings have raised the hypothesis that systemic immune responses could play direct or indirect roles in brain neurodegeneration leading to AD/ADRD, and has been significantly less studied compared to innate immune mechanisms such as microglia in the brain. This initiative will capitalize on growing interest in the research community and will support partnerships and new collaborations between neuroscientists and immunologists to expand the research base in this area with the long-term goal of bringing more immunology expertise into the AD/ADRD field. This is a new initiative seeking research into the role of systemic immune responses and inflammation in AD/ADRD. Individual projects are sought and collaborations between neuroscientists with expertise in AD/ADRDs and immunologists will be highly encouraged. Through these awards, a more solid research base in this area will be established that can support further work in this area through investigator-initiated and other mechanisms.

The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is to support hypothesis-driven clinical research applications that are focused on discovering novel diagnostic, prognostic, and/or therapeutic biomarkers for the Lewy Body Dementias (LBD).Biomarker research must be conducted in patients with LBD, must follow Parkinson's Disease Biomarker Program (PDBP) protocols for clinical assessment and biospecimen collection,and must be broadly shareable through the PDBP repositories.

The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement is to expand the use of existing ADRD data resources to drive, via computational model development and dissemination, new discoveries that can lead to better understanding of mechanisms, clinical risk assessment and outcomes, and to identify novel candidate biomarkers for ADRD.

The NIH Research Education Program (R25) supports research education activities in the mission areas of the NIH. The over-arching goal of this NINDS R25 program is to support educational activities that complement and/or enhance the training of a workforce to meet the nations biomedical, behavioral and clinical research needs.

These administrative supplements will provide funding to existing AD/ADRD cohort studies to support the inclusion/addition of NINDS Common Data Elements (CDEs) for life-time exposure to Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and other relevant TBI-related CDEs to current clinical assessment batteries. Data will be available to better understand the prevalence of TBI history in these populations and could be hypothesis generating for studying the pathophysiology underlying TBI as a risk factor for AD/ADRDs.