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Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) that propose to develop new non-animal-based assays to assess the potency of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) in a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) commercial environment. Successful projects should have as their goal the development of a test(s) and reagents that could be used for commercial release testing of BoNT/A products. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the SBIR (R43/R44) grant mechanisms for Phase I, Phase II, and Fast-Track applications and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-09-178, which encourages applications under the Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) (R41/R42) grant mechanisms. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose. This NIH Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is supported by funds provided to the NIH under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Recovery Act or ARRA), Public Law 111-5. The purpose of the Academic Research Enhancement Award (AREA) program is to stimulate research in educational institutions that provide baccalaureate or advanced degrees for a significant number of the Nation's research scientists, but that have not been major recipients of NIH support. These AREA grants create opportunities for scientists and institutions otherwise unlikely to participate extensively in NIH programs, to contribute to the Nation's biomedical and behavioral research effort. AREA grants are intended to support small-scale health-related research projects proposed by faculty members of eligible, domestic institutions. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the Academic Research Enhancement Award (AREA) R15 award mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. It is estimated that up to 50 awards will be made in FY 2010.The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. Budget and Project Period. Applicants may request up to a total of $300,000 direct costs plus applicable Facilities and Administrative (FandA)/ indirect costs. Use the modular budget for direct cost amounts up to $250,000 and the detailed budget for direct costs amounts above $250,000. The total project period for an application submitted in response to this funding opportunity may be up to three (3) years.

Purpose The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Investigator-Initiated Small Grant (R03) funding opportunity supports small research projects that can be carried out in a short period of time with limited resources. Investigator-initiated research, also known as unsolicited research, is research funded as a result of an investigator submitting a research grant application to NIH in an investigators area of interest and competency. The R03 grant mechanism supports different types of projects including pilot and feasibility studies; secondary analysis of existing data; small, self-contained research projects; development of research methodology; and development of new research technology.All investigator-initiated small grant applications described in this announcement will be assigned to NIH Institutes and Centers (ICs) according to standard Public Health Service (PHS) referral guidelines and specific program interests. Investigators are strongly encouraged to consult the list of participating ICs and special research interests. See http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/contacts/pa-09-163_contacts.htm and the R03 Web site at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/r03.htm. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Small Research Grant (R03) award mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. Budget and Project Period.The total project period for an application submitted in response to this funding opportunity may not exceed two years. Direct costs are limited to $100,000 direct costs over the R03 2 year period, with no more than $50,000 in direct costs allowed in a single year.

Purpose. The Exploratory/Developmental Grant (R21) mechanism is intended to encourage exploratory and developmental research projects by providing support for the early and conceptual stages of these projects. These studies may involve considerable risk but may lead to a breakthrough in a particular area, or to the development of novel techniques, agents, methodologies, models, or applications that could have a major impact on a field of biomedical, behavioral, or clinical research. All investigator-initiated exploratory/developmental grant applications described in this announcement will be assigned to NIH Institutes and Centers (ICs) according to standard Public Health Service (PHS) referral guidelines and specific program interests. Investigators are strongly encouraged to consult the list of participating ICs and special research interests. See http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/contacts/pa-09-164_contacts.htm and the R21 Web site at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/r21.htm. Mechanism of Support.This FOA will use the NIH Exploratory/Developmental (R21) grant mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose. This NIH Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA), supported by funds provided to the NIH under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Recovery Act or ARRA), Public Law 111-5, invites applications from U.S academic institutions/organizations to supportthe hiring of newly-recruited faculty to develop research projects within the context of Biomedical Core Centers.For this announcement, a Biomedical Core Center is defined as a community of multidisciplinary researchers focusing on areas of biomedical research relevant to NIH, such as centers, departments, programs, and/or trans-departmental collaborations or consortia. . These awards are designed to enhance innovative programs of excellence by providing scientific and programmatic support for promising research faculty and their areas of research. Specifically for the purposes of this announcement, Core Center Grants are institutional awards that provide funding to hire, provide appropriate start-up packages, and develop research projects for newly independent investigators, with the goal of augmenting and expanding the institutions community of multidisciplinary researchers focusing on areas of biomedical research relevant to NIH.

The NIH has received new funds for Fiscal Years (FYs) 2009 and 2010 as part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Recovery Act or ARRA). This is one of a number of NIH initiatives related to the Recovery Act. These are listed at the following site: http://grants.nih.gov/recovery/. Under the Recovery Act, the NIH has established a new program entitled Research and Research Infrastructure Grand Opportunities hereafter called the GO grants program.This new program will support projects that address large, specific biomedical and biobehavioral research endeavors that will benefit from significant 2-year funds without the expectation of continued NIH funding beyond two years. The research supported by the GO grants program should have high short-term impact, and a high likelihood of enabling growth and investment in biomedical research and development, public health, and health care delivery.

Purpose. This NIH Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA), supported by funds provided to the NIH under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Recovery Act or ARRA), Public Law 111-5, solicits applications for the following topic areas relevant to research on the heterogeneity of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD): Measurement development, Biomarkers/biological signatures, Immune and central nervous systems interactions, Genetics/genomics, Environmental Risk Factors, Model development, Treatment and intervention, and Services research. This FOA provides support for the R21 grant mechanism which supports initial technical development and proof-of-principle and research in exploratory or preliminary phases. The R21 mechanism is intended to encourage new exploratory and developmental research projects where preliminary data are not required. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Exploratory/Developmental Research Grant (R21) award mechanism and runs essentially in parallel with: 1) an FOA of identical scientific scope, RFA-MH-09-173, that solicits applications under the NIH Clinical Exploratory/Developmental Grant (R34/Collaborative R34) award mechanism, and would be used for early phases of treatment development, and 2) RFA-MH-09-170 and RFA-MH-09-171 that solicit applications under the NIH Research Project Grant Program (R01) and the Collaborative (R01) which would be used for larger scale studies for which preliminary data exists. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. The NIH intends to commit approximately $57,000,000 to fund between 40-50 grants in response to this FOA and the companion announcements, pending the number and quality of applications and availability of funds.

Purpose. This NIH Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA), supported by funds provided to the NIH under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Recovery Act or ARRA), Public Law 111-5, solicits applications for the following topic areas relevant to research on the heterogeneity of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD): Measurement development, Biomarkers/biological signatures, Immune and central nervous systems interactions, Genetics/genomics, Environmental Risk Factors, Model development, Treatment and intervention, and Services research. This FOA provides support for the R01 grant mechanism which supports larger scale studies for which preliminary data exists and proof-of-principle has been established. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project (R01) award mechanism and runs in parallel with the following FOAs of essentially identical scientific scope: 1) RFA-MH-09-171, which solicits applications under the NIH Collaborative Research Grant (R01) award mechanism; 2) RFA-MH-09-172, which solicits applications under the NIH Exploratory/Developmental Research Grant (R21) award mechanism; and 3) RFA-MH-09-173, which solicits applications under the NIH Clinical Exploratory/Developmental Research Grant (R34/Collaborative R34) award mechanism. The R21 mechanism would be used for projects that propose research in the exploratory or preliminary phases. The R34 mechanism would be used for early phases of treatment development.

Purpose. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) are cooperating to facilitate biomedical research in space for better understanding of human physiology and human health on Earth. The NIH uses this FOA to publicize the availability of the International Space Station (ISS) as a National Laboratory, and to announce the NIH BioMed-ISS program encouraging investigator-initiated applications for biomedical research that will use the unique microgravity and radiation environment and resources of the ISS to test innovative hypotheses for the potential benefit of human health on Earth. Applications to this FOA should propose innovative biomedical research on the molecular or cellular level that is directly relevant to the NIH mission and can be carried out on the ISS. Awards made through this FOA will initially support milestone-driven, ground based preparatory studies (UH2 ground feasibility phase), with possible rapid transition to the second, ISS-based research phase (UH3 ISS experimental phase). The ground feasibility phase (UH2) will allow investigators to focus on ground-based preparatory work to meet scientific milestones and technical requirements leading to the ISS experimental phase (UH3). The UH3 phase will include preparing the experiments for launch, conducting them on the ISS, and the subsequent data analyses on Earth. UH3s will be awarded after administrative review of the eligible UH2s that have met the scientific milestones and feasibility requirements necessary to conduct research on the ISS. The UH2/UH3 application must be submitted as a single application, and applicants should note specific instructions for each phase in this FOA. Mechanism of Support. This BioMed-ISS FOA uses the NIH two-phased Exploratory/Developmental (UH2/UH3) cooperative agreement mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of meritorious applications.

Purpose. The NIH Molecular Libraries Roadmap Initiative wishes to encourage HTS assay applications from investigators who have the interest and capability to work with the Molecular Libraries Probe Production Centers Network (MLPCN) for chemical probe development. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) promotes discovery and development of new chemical probes as research tools for use by scientists in both the public and private sectors to advance the understanding of biological functions and disease mechanisms. This initiative is one of the integrated components of the NIH Molecular Libraries Roadmap initiative that offers biomedical researchers access to large-scale automated high throughput screening (HTS) centers in the MLPCN, diverse compound libraries in the Small Molecule Repository (MLSMR) and information on biological activities of small molecules in the PubChem BioAssay public database. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Small Research Grant (R03) grant mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. The total number of assays to be selected depends on the scientific merit of applications and the availability of resources within the MLPCN. The MLPCN intends to select and implement 100 HTS assays annually starting in 2008 to support novel and significant probe discovery and development.