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The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is to support up to three years of study for the discovery, assay optimization, and replication stages required for the development of biological biomarkers for Parkinsons disease (PD).It is expected that studies funded under this FOA will integrate with and enhance the NINDS Parkinson's Disease Biomarker Program (PDBP). Discovery or pilot projects may use samples from either the PDBP or otherextant biospecimens and data, as long as consent for the extant biospecimens and data enables deposition of all data into the PDBP Data Management Resource (DMR). It is expected that the replication stage study will use PDBP biospecimensand data.This FOA is only for studies related to human biomarkers; animal or other disease model studies are not appropriate for this FOA. A timeline including milestones is required for all studies. Annual milestones will provide clear indicators of a project's continued success or emergent difficulties and will be used to evaluate the application not only in peer review but also in consideration of the awarded project for funding of non-competing award years.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites applications from investigators to participate in the HLA and KIR Region Genomics in Immune Mediated Diseases Consortium (HLAGC), formerly the HLA Region Genomics in Immune-Mediated Diseases Consortium.This cooperative research group supports projects defining the association between variations in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA), also known as the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), and natural killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genetic regions and immune-mediated diseases, including outcomes following cell, tissue, and organ transplantation.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites applications from investigators to participate in the HLA and KIR Region Genomics in Immune Mediated Diseases Consortium (HLAGC), formerly the HLA Region Genomics in Immune-Mediated Diseases Consortium. This cooperative research group supports projects defining the association between variations in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA), also known as the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), and natural killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genetic regions and immune-mediated diseases, including outcomes following cell, tissue, and organ transplantation.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) that propose exploratory and confirmatory clinical trials focused on promising interventions, as well as biomarker-or outcome measure validation studies that are immediately preparatory to trials in stroke prevention, treatment, and recovery. The program will utilize the cooperative agreement mechanism to enable milestone-drive projects. Successful applicants may be given access to the NIH StrokeNet infrastructure. Following peer review, NINDS will prioritize trials among the highest scoring to be given access to the StrokeNet infrastructure. The StrokeNet National Coordinating Center (NCC) will work with the successful applicant to implement the proposed study efficiently. The StrokeNet National Data Management Center (NDMC) will provide statistical and data management support. The Regional Coordinating Centers (RCCs) of the StrokeNet and their affiliated clinical sites will provide recruitment/retention support as well as on-site implementation of the clinical protocol. The StrokeNet network will also be uniquely poised to collaborate with the NINDS Neurological Emergencies Treatment Trials Network (NETT) and/or other US and international consortia necessary to conduct larger, definitive trials of promising interventions for stroke treatment, prevention, and recovery.

This FOA encourages requests for access to research resources for multi-site exploratory and confirmatory clinical trials focused on promising interventions, as well as biomarker-or outcome measure validation studies that are immediately preparatory to trials in stroke prevention, treatment, and recovery. Successful applicants may be given access to the NIH StrokeNet infrastructure. Following peer review, NINDS will prioritize trials among the highest scoring to be given access to the StrokeNet infrastructure. The StrokeNet National Coordinating Center (NCC) will work with the successful applicant to implement the proposed study efficiently. The StrokeNet National Data Management Center (NDMC) will provide statistical and data management support. The Regional Coordinating Centers (RCCs) of the StrokeNet and their affiliated clinical sites will provide recruitment/retention support as well as on-site implementation of the clinical protocol. The StrokeNet network will also be uniquely poised to collaborate with the NINDS Neurological Emergencies Treatment Trials Network (NETT) and/or other US and international consortia necessary to conduct larger, definitive trials of promising interventions for stroke treatment, prevention, and recovery. This Funding Opportunity provides a mechanism for organizations to gain access to the StrokeNet infrastructure resource for the conduct of trials within the scope of the StrokeNet program. Successful applicants are expected to provide all clinical trial costs that are not covered by the infrastructure awards to the NCC, NDMC, and RCCs.

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) announces the continuation of the U.S. entity of the U.S.-Japan Brain Research Cooperative Program (BRCP). This administrative supplement program will provide funds to research projects that are currently supported by the participating NIH Institutes and Centers. The purpose of the BRCP is to promote scientist exchange, training, and collaborations in basic, translational and clinical research between neuroscientists from the U.S. and Japan. The U.S. entity of the BRCP supports the following activities: 1) Visit of U.S. scientists to conduct collaborative research and/or to acquire advanced research skills in Japanese institutions. 2) Joint workshops to exchange scientific information and to foster collaborations.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to encourage epidemiological, clinical and translational research that will increase our understanding of the natural history, prevalence, biological mechanisms, psychological variables, and clinical risk factors responsible for the presence of multiple chronic pain conditions in people with pain. Recent clinical findings suggest that substantial overlap may exist between chronic pain conditions. Individuals diagnosed with one disorder often exhibit characteristics of additional chronic painful conditions or transition to other diagnostic categories. A better understanding is needed of the prevalence of overlapping pain conditions, the underlying etiologies, the progression of these conditions, the evolution of these overlaps, and the therapeutic approaches best suited for treating subjects with these conditions. The main objective of this FOA is the formation of research groups with interests bridging expertise in pain mechanisms with translational and clinical expertise to address important unresolved questions about overlapping pain conditions. Applicants are encouraged to leverage existing and develop new resources pertinent to the study of these conditions. Applicants are encouraged to include researchers with complementary expertise from outside the pain field in their research teams who will enhance the breadth of research and understanding of comorbid chronic pain conditions.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to encourage epidemiological, clinical and translational research that will increase our understanding of the natural history, prevalence, biological mechanisms, psychological variables, and clinical risk factors responsible for the presence of multiple chronic pain conditions in people with pain. Recent clinical findings suggest that substantial overlap may exist between chronic pain conditions. Individuals diagnosed with one disorder often exhibit characteristics of additional chronic painful conditions or transition to other diagnostic categories. A better understanding is needed of the prevalence of overlapping pain conditions, the underlying etiologies, the progression of these conditions, the evolution of these overlaps, and the therapeutic approaches best suited for treating subjects with these conditions. The main objective of this FOA is the formation of research groups with interests bridging expertise in pain mechanisms with translational and clinical expertise to address important unresolved questions about overlapping pain conditions. Applicants are encouraged to leverage existing and develop new resources pertinent to the study of these conditions. Applicants are encouraged to include researchers with complementary expertise from outside the pain field in their research teams who will enhance the breadth of research and understanding of comorbid chronic pain conditions.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive movement disorder that affects at least half a million people in the United States, as well as having significant impact on the relatives and friends who care for them. The average age of onset is during the sixth decade, although earlier onset is also possible, and the incidence of PD is expected to increase as the population ages. While significant research advances continue, the full complexity of PD etiology is not yet evident. Moreover, currently available treatments are primarily symptomatic, and neither slow nor halt disease progression. Challenges posed by the inherent complexity of PD are often best addressed by multidisciplinary research teams working in tandem to surmount obstacles and seize opportunities to advance knowledge and improve treatment. However, development of an effective team, identification of an optimal strategy and collection of preliminary data to address a particular challenge in PD research require dedicated time and resources. Therefore, this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits Exploratory Grant (P20) applications proposing planning and initiation of synergistic research activities to advance Parkinson's Disease (PD) research and treatment. The goal of this program is to formalize collaborative structures and establish a foundation of research discovery necessary to address emergent issues in PD research. Successful exploratory studies should lead to a subsequent application for support of a collaborative, multidisciplinary NINDS Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence (P50). To foster the development of innovative research collaborations, this FOA will provide support for new projects, not continuation of projects that have already been initiated.

This FOA encourages applications for multi-site exploratory and confirmatory clinical trials focused on promising interventions, as well as biomarker-or outcome measure validation studies that are immediately preparatory to trials in stroke prevention, treatment, and recovery. Successful applicants may be given access to the NIH StrokeNet infrastructure. Following peer review, NINDS will prioritize trials among the highest scoring to be given access to the StrokeNet infrastructure. The StrokeNet National Coordinating Center (NCC) will work with the successful applicant to implement the proposed study efficiently. The StrokeNet National Data Management Center (NDMC) will provide statistical and data management support. The Regional Coordinating Centers (RCCs) of the StrokeNet and their affiliated clinical sites will provide recruitment/retention support as well as on-site implementation of the clinical protocol.